在石料生產線作業中,破碎不同硬度的石料,采用的破碎機類型也不相同,可以根據客戶的需求,將石料破碎成不同粒度大小的砂石骨料。石料生產線中常用的破碎設備有顎式破碎機、反擊式破碎機、圓錐破碎機等等。下面我們就來簡單介紹一下。
顎式破碎機是最常見的(de)(de)粗碎(sui)設(she)備,該設(she)備結構簡單,制造容易,工(gong)作可靠。工(gong)作時(shi),電動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機驅(qu)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)皮帶和皮帶輪(lun),通過偏心(xin)軸使動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎上下(xia)運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong),當動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎上升時(shi)肘板與動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎間夾(jia)(jia)角變大(da),從(cong)而推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎板向固定(ding)顎板接(jie)近,與其同時(shi)物(wu)料被(bei)壓(ya)碎(sui)或劈碎(sui),達到破(po)(po)碎(sui)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de);當動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎下(xia)行時(shi),肘板與動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎夾(jia)(jia)角變小(xiao),動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎板在拉桿,彈簧的(de)(de)作用下(xia),離開固定(ding)顎板,此時(shi)已(yi)破(po)(po)碎(sui)物(wu)料從(cong)破(po)(po)碎(sui)腔下(xia)口(kou)排出。隨著電動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)機連續轉(zhuan)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)而破(po)(po)碎(sui)機動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)顎做周期運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)壓(ya)碎(sui)和排泄物(wu)料,實(shi)現批量生產。
反擊式破碎機用于粗、中、細碎(sui)(sui)中等硬度(du)以(yi)下(xia)脆(cui)性材料,如石(shi)灰石(shi)、白云石(shi)、砂巖(yan)、巖(yan)鹽(yan)等,具(ju)有破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)比大(da)、產量高(gao)、簡(jian)化工(gong)藝流(liu)程、結(jie)構簡(jian)單等特(te)點。當物料進入破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)腔時(shi)受(shou)到高(gao)速旋轉轉子板(ban)錘(chui)(chui)的(de)沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)而破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui),破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)的(de)物料以(yi)很大(da)的(de)動能沖(chong)(chong)向前反(fan)擊(ji)(ji)板(ban),經撞擊(ji)(ji)而破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui),當其反(fan)彈至板(ban)錘(chui)(chui)回轉半徑以(yi)內時(shi),再次受(shou)到沖(chong)(chong)擊(ji)(ji)破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)。同時(shi),被粉(fen)碎(sui)(sui)的(de)物料又以(yi)高(gao)速沖(chong)(chong)向后反(fan)擊(ji)(ji)板(ban),得到進一步破(po)(po)(po)(po)碎(sui)(sui)。當粉(fen)碎(sui)(sui)了的(de)物料小于后反(fan)擊(ji)(ji)板(ban)下(xia)部襯板(ban)與(yu)板(ban)錘(chui)(chui)回轉半徑之(zhi)間的(de)間隙時(shi),即被作為合格產品排出。
圓錐式破碎機應用廣泛,可用來破碎各種硬度不同的礦石和巖石,按其功用有粗碎、中碎和細碎之分,采用層壓破碎的原理。工作時,由于偏心套的作用,使動錐的自轉軸線與公轉軸線成一定角度。因而兩錐體表面依次靠近,又依次分開。靠近時破碎物料;離開時,物料靠自重排料。